Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), as the backbone of the Iranian economy, face severe financial, technological, and infrastructure constraints and require new production models in global competition. The “factoryless manufacturing” model, utilizing Cloud Manufacturing (CMfg) technology, can enable intelligent sharing of production resources (from design to transportation) without the need for factory ownership. This research, with a combined approach (qualitative-quantitative) and utilizing Fuzzy Delphi (FDM) and Fuzzy DEMATEL, first identifies and validates 8 dimensions and 33 key indicators of readiness for SMEs providing services in cloud manufacturing. Then, by analyzing causal-disability relationships, it has been shown that government support (including policymaking, intellectual property regulations, financial facilities, and national cloud infrastructure) is the most influential factor in the success of this model. This study provides practical guidance for policymakers, SME managers, and cloud platform operators by presenting a 33-point readiness assessment model. Policy recommendations include the development of a comprehensive CMfg law, the establishment of a financial support fund, the launch of a national cloud platform, and targeted training programs. The results highlight the key role of the government in developing supportive laws and regulations to support the provision of cloud and factoryless services, cloud manufacturing platforms, and the use of manufacturing services in small and medium-sized enterprises in the cloud.