تحلیل نهادی نقش بازیگران در فرایند اجرای طرح های کلان ملی فناوری (مطالعه موردی: دو طرح کلان حوزه هوایی در ایران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت تکنولوژی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه مدیریت بازرگانی و کسب و کار، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران.

4 استاد گروه مدیریت تکنولوژی، دانشکده مدیریت و مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، تهران، ایران.

5 استادیار گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران.

چکیده

صنعت هوایی یک صنعت استراتژیک حیاتی در حوزه سیستم محصولات پیچیده برای اقتصاد و امنیت ملی محسوب می شود. هدف مقاله حاضر، تجزیه و تحلیل نهادی نقش بازیگران در فرایند اجرای دو طرح کلان ملی فناوری حوزه هوایی در ایران می باشد. با بررسی پیشینه و تجارب کشورها در طرح های کلان طراحی و توسعه محصول در حوزه هوایی، چارچوبی از بازیگران و اقدامات هر بازیگر در هر مرحله این طرح‌ها ارائه شده است. راهبرد پژوهش حاضر مطالعه موردی، جهت گیری آن کاربردی، هدف آن توصیفی و رویکرد آن کیفی می باشد. ابزار گردآوری داده های اولیه مصاحبه با 14 خبره دارای تخصص و تجربه در حوزه هوایی و درگیر در دو طرح مورد مطالعه (هواپیمای دوزیست و موتورجت) می‌باشد که در بازه زمانی نیمه دوم سال 1398 صورت گرفته است. برای جمع آوری داده های ثانویه از تمامی اسناد و شواهد موجود در خصوص صنعت هوایی در ایران و خصوصاً دو طرح مورد مطالعه استفاده شده است. تحلیل داده ها با تحلیل محتوا و کدگذاری محوری انجام شده است. نتایج حاکی از آن است که طرح های کلان ملی فناوری، فرایندی پیچیده و چندمرحله ای می باشند و اجرای آنها نیازمند همکاری و هماهنگی میان شبکه گسترده ای از نهادهای مختلف از جمله بخش دولتی و خصوصی، دانشگاه ها و مراکز تحقیقاتی است. نتایج این پژوهش می تواند به منظور برنامه ریزی بهتر و مدیریت اثربخش طرح های کلان ملی حوزه هوایی مورد استفاده سیاست گذاران و نهادهای متولی قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Institutional Analysis of the Actors’ Roles in the Process of National Technology Megaprojects (Case Study: Two Megaprojects in Iran Aviation Industry)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi Ramezani 1
  • Mehdi Mohammadi 2
  • Hamidreza Yazdani 3
  • Manochehr Manteghi 4
  • Meisam Shahbazi 5
1 PhD candidate of Technology Management , Department of Management and Accounting, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Management and Accounting, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran.
4 Professor, Faculty of Management and Industrial Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Management and Accounting, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The aviation industry is considered as a critical strategic industry in complex product systems for the national economy and security. The main purpose of this paper is the institutional analysis of the actors’ roles in the implementation process of two national technology megaprojects in Iran aviation industry. By examining the backgrounds and experiences of late comer countries in megaprojects of designing and developing products, a framework of actors and their measures in each stage of these megaprojects has been presented. The present study strategy is dual case study, its orientation is applied, its purpose is descriptive and its approach is qualitative. The primary data gathering tool is interviews with 14 experienced experts who were involved in two studied megaprojects in the field of aviation which was conducted in the second half of 2019. In order to collect secondary data, the whole available documents and evidence regarding to Iran aviation industry, and especially the two studied megaprojects have been used. The method of data analysis is through content analysis and axial coding. According to the findings of this study, national technology megaprojects are complex and multi-stage processes. Therefore, their implementations require cooperation and coordination among an extensive network of different institutions such as public and private sectors, universities and research centers. The results of this research could be used by policy makers and responsible institutions for better planning and effective management of national megaprojects in the field of aviation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Institutional Analysis
  • Megaprojects
  • Complex Products
  • Iran Aviation Industry
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