بهبود عملکرد نوآورانه از طریق جهت‌گیری دوسوتوانی و مدیریت ظرفیت جذب: شواهدی از صنعت دفاعی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت و مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه فناوری و راهبرد، دانشکده مدیریت و مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: برغم وجود شواهدی مبنی برتاثیر ظرفیت جذب برعملکرد نوآورانه‌ی بنگاه‌ها در سطح جهان، سیاست‌گذاری خاصی برای ارتقای ظرفیت جذب ودوسوتوانی بنگاه‌های دفاعی کشورکه محرک و زمینه‌ساز عملکرد نوآورانه است، صورت نگرفته. بنابراین، سوالی مطرح می‌شود که ارتقای ظرفیت جذب بنگاه‌های دفاعی، چگونه می‌تواند به افزایش عملکرد نوآورانه آنها بیانجامد. نیاز مشتریان دفاعی، بنگاه‌های دفاعی را اغلب به سمت نوآوری‌های بهره‌بردارانه سوق داده است، امّا سیاستگذاری‌های نهادهای بالادستِ پیشران این بنگاه‌ها به سمت حرکت درمرزهای دانش و نوآوری‌های اکتشافی بوده است. هدف این پژوهش کمک به درک این دوگانگی وآگاهی از این است که ظرفیت جذب بنگاه‌ها چگونه بر حرکت دوگانه آنها به سمت عملکرد نوآورانه‌ موثر می‌باشد.
روش‌شناسی: این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر شیوه جمع‌آوری داده‌ها، آمیخته است. در بخش کیفی با استفاده از 12 مصاحبه مدل پژوهش بررسی و تایید شد. در بخش کمی نیز مدل مستخرج با کمک 10 فرضیه ارائه شده و از طریق پرسشنامه در 60 بنگاه دفاعی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است.
یافته‌ها: در بنگاه‌های دفاعی ظرفیت جذب تحقق یافته بر نوآوری اکتشافی و بهره‌بردارانه و دوسوتوانی موثر است و ظرفیت جذب بالقوه روابط آنها را تعدیل می‌کند. همچنین ظرفیت جذب بالقوه پیش‌نیاز ظرفیت جذب تحقق یافته بوده و بنگاه‌های دوسوتوان عملکرد نوآورانه بالاتری نسبت به سایر بنگاه‌های دفاعی دارند.
نتیجه‌گیری: سیاست‌گذاران برای بنگاه‌هایی که دردوره رشدوبلوغ منحنی عمر هستند بایدروی نوآوری بهره‌بردارانه وظرفیت جذب تحقق یافته تمرکز کنند وبرای بنگاه‌هایی که دردوره بلوغ وافول منحنی عمر خود هستند باید روی نوآوری اکتشافی وظرفیت جذب بالقوه تمرکز کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Improving Innovation Performance through Organizational Ambidexterity Approach and Absorptive Capacity Management: Evidence from Iran's defense industry

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kaveh Namvar 1
  • Alireza Bushehri 2
  • Seyed Kamal Tabaian 2
  • Abolfazl Bagheri 2
1 PhD candidate in Industrial Management, Faculty of Management and Industrial Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Management and Industrial Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Background and purpose: While evidence shows a significant effect of absorptive capacity on innovation around the world, no policy for improving absorptive capacity of defense firms has been adopted. As a result, a question arises that how increasing absorptive capacity of defense firms leads to increase their innovation performance. Defense customer’s needs made defense firms to incline more toward exploitation, but the owner of these firms-defense ministry is more inclined to exploration. The purpose of this study is to understand this duality and how absorptive capacity of these firms affect their parallel moves towards exploitative and explorative innovations.
Methodology: this study is an applied research on purpose and from data gathering point of view is a mixed one. In qualitative part using 12 interview with experts of university and industries, a model and framework came up. In quantitative part based on 10 hypothesis on the study framework, 60 questionnaires has been gathered from different defense firms and its data went under analysis.
Results: realized absorptive capacity affects exploitative and explorative innovations and ambidexterity, and that potential absorptive capacity mediates their relations. It was also shown that potential absorptive capacity is a prerequisite of realized absorptive capacity and ambidextrous defense firms have higher performance compared to other defense firms.
Conclusion: policy makers should emphasize more on exploitation and realized absorptive capacity for firms in their maturity and decline life cycle. In other hand they should focus and invest on exploration and potential abortive capacity for firms in introduction and growth stage.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Innovation performance
  • ambidexterity
  • absorptive capacity
  • defense industries
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