Document Type : Research Article (Original Article)
Authors
1
PhD candidate of Economics, Faculty of Economics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2
Professor, Faculty of Economics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3
Assistant Professor, Technology Studies Institute, Tehran, Iran
10.22034/jmi.2024.432513.3047
Abstract
Japan has always been presented as a model of success in advancing industrial policy. By examining the most important recent approaches to industrial policy, this article has identified four important areas in terms of design and implementation: (1) bureaucratic structure, institutional environment and organizational capabilities, (2) sectoral policies and targeted industries, (3) support tools and how to produce them, and (4) the interaction of the government and the private sector. In the following, 18 scientific researches were selected in the form of articles, books or book chapters that had a historical perspective on the implementation of industrial policy in Japan. These 18 works were analyzed in line with the investigation of four areas introduced in the theoretical literature of industrial policy, based on qualitative research and with thematic content analysis method, and three periods in the historical evolution of the implementation of industrial policy in Japan were identified: (1) The period of emergency and occupation of Japan (1945-early 1950s), (2) the start-up and productivity improvement period (1972-early 1950s) and finally (3) the adjustment and leapfrogging period (1972-1990). Finally, based on the experience of Japan and the review of the theoretical literature on industrial policy, a model of the historical evolution of the implementation of industrial policy is presented. This model has highlighted a path of preparing the initial conditions, improving productivity and launching new industries, and finally, adjusting declining industries and moving towards knowledge-intensive industries.
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