Innovation Ecosystem in Iran’s Automotive Industry; What it has, What it Lacks

Document Type : Research Article (Original Article)

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Mine and Industry Research Group, Institute for Trade Studies and Research, Tehran, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Innovation and Technology Research Group, Institute for Trade Studies and Research, Tehran, Iran.

3 Instructor, Mine and Industry Research Group, Institute for Trade Studies and Research, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Innovation is one of the missing elements in the Iranian automotive industry and there are several reasons for it. In this article, however, we look at innovation through the lens of related concepts of innovation ecosystem, a concept that has previously been less used by researchers in this industry. To do so, the theme analysis method was used in interviews with 20 experts active in the country's innovation ecosystem. The results show that within the framework of innovation ecosystem of this industry, which consists of 9 main elements including "Internal innovation environment", "External innovation environment", "Innovation platform", "Innovation users", " "Innovators", "Innovation beneficiaries", "Brokers", "Innovation facilitators" and "Value and Knowledge flows"; Weaknesses such as "missing chains", "lack of institutional harmony", and "bureaucracy and high complexity of some executive processes" are the most important deterrents to innovation.

Keywords


اسمعیلی­پور، الهام، افشاری مفرد، مسعود، پیروز، الهام، بشیری، میثم و سایر همکاران. "تدوین نقشه راه ارتقای رقابت­پذیری و توسعه صنعت خودرو"، تهران:  موسسه مطالعات و پژوهش­های بازرگانی. (1399).
انتظاری، یعقوب. " زیست بوم کارآفرینی نوآورانه: الگوی عمومی و پیام هایی برای ایران ". توسعه کارآفرینی، دوره 11 شماره 1  (1397) 40-21.
جعفری، پریوش و سمیعی‌نصر، محمود. "ارائه مدلی مناسب جهت انتقال اثربخش فناوری در صنایع خودروسازی ایران" پژوهش‌های مدیریت، شماره 81. (1388).
قمبرعلی، رضوان، آگهی، حسین، علی بیگی، امیرحسین، زرافشانی، کیومرث. "راهبرد زیست­بوم کارآفرینی: پارادایم جدید توسعه کارآفرینی"، نشریه کارآفرینی در کشاورزی، 1 (3) (1393) 21-38.
صادقی مقدم، م، زمانی، م.، گشتاسبی، م. و شجاعی، ی. "بررسی عملکرد نوآوری محصول جدید در شرکت‌های تولیدکننده قطعات خودرو در ایران: یک مطالعه علّی" مدیریت توسعه فناوری، د. 3، ش. 1. (1394).
کریمی کاشانی، امیرحسین و سیداصفهانی میر مهدی. "طراحی و تبیین الگوی توسعه تکنولوژی صنعت خودرو در ایران با تاکید بر استراتژی توسعه صادرات". پژوهش­های مدیریت در ایران. ۹ (۲) (1384) ۲۹-۵۸.
نقی­زاده، رضا. "الگوی همکاری شرکت­های دانش­بنیان با مجموعه­های صنعتی و اقتصادی، با تمرکز بر سیاست­های تضمین خرید"، فصلنامه علمی- پژوهشی سیاست علم و فناوری، سال نهم، شماره 2 (1396) 81-67.
محمدی، مهدی؛ یزدانی، حمیدرضا و اجاقی، حامد. "شناسایی بازیگران اصلی و نقش های کلیدی در زیست بوم نوآوری نوپاها: مطالعه ای در استان همدان"، مدیریت نوآوری، سال 8، شماره 1 (1398) 56-21.
مرکز پژوهش­های مجلس. "آسیب‌شناسی صنعت خودروی کشور و ارائه راهکارهای برون‌رفت از چالش‌های موجود"، طرح پژوهشی (1394).
وزارت صنعت، معدن و تجارت. "گزارش عملکرد ساخت داخل در سال 1399". (1399).
Alaimo, Cristina, Jannis Kallinikos, and Erika Valderrama. "Platforms as service ecosystems: Lessons from social media." Journal of Information Technology 35, no. 1 (2020): 25-48.
Braun, Virginia, and Victoria Clarke. "Using thematic analysis in psychology." Qualitative research in psychology 3, no. 2 (2006): 77-101.
Dempwolf, C. Scott, Jennifer Auer, and Michelle D’Ippolito. "Innovation accelerators: Defining characteristics among startup assistance organizations." Small Business Administration (2014): 1-44.
Durst, S., and Poutanen, P. Success factors of innovation ecosystems initial instights from a literature review. CO-CREATE 2013: The Boundary-Crossing Conference on Co-Design in Innovation (2013), 27-38.
Fartookzadeh, H. and Tahmasebi, S. Auto Industry's Industrial Policy is The Neglected: A Review of the Problems in the Automotive. Journal of Improvement Management, 14, no. 3 (2020): 139-154.
Granstrand, Ove, and Marcus Holgersson. "Innovation ecosystems: A conceptual review and a new definition." Technovation 90 (2020): 102098.
Gupta, Ranjit, Cristian Mejia, and Yuya Kajikawa. "Business, innovation and digital ecosystems landscape survey and knowledge cross sharing." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 147 (2019): 100-109.
Hwang, V. W.; Horowitt, G, (2012). “The Rainforest – The Secret to Building the Next Silicon Valley”. Regenwald Publishers, USA.
Johnson, Gerry, Kevan Scholes, and Richard Whittington. Exploring Corporate Strategy. 8th. londen: Prentice Hall, 2008.
King, Nigel, Christine Horrocks, and Joanna Brooks. Interviews in qualitative research. Sage, 2018.
Lee, In, and Yong Jae Shin. "Fintech: Ecosystem, business models, investment decisions, and challenges." Business Horizons 61, no. 1 (2018): 35-46.
Lyer, B., et al. managing in a small world ecosystem: some lesson from the software sector" Californial management review 48 (3): 28-47 (2006).
Moore, J. F. "The death of competition: Leadership and strategy in the age of business ecosystem." NY: HarperCollins (1996).
Naghizadeh, R. The Pattern of Cooperation Between Small Knowledge-Based Firms and Industrial and Economic Firms; by Guaranteed-Buys Method. Journal of Science and Technology Policy, 9, no. 2 (2017): 101-115.
Nischak, Fabian, and André Hanelt. "Ecosystem Change in the Era of Digital Innovation-A Longitudinal Analysis and Visualization of the Automotive Ecosystem." In ICIS. 2019.
Pettit, Timothy J., Keely L. Croxton, and Joseph Fiksel. "The Evolution of Resilience in Supply Chain Management: A Retrospective on Ensuring Supply Chain Resilience." Journal of Business Logistics 40, no. 1 (2019): 56-65.
Portet, Michael. Competitive strategy: Techniques for analyzing industries and competitors. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2008.
Presenza, Angelo, Tindara Abbate, Fabrizio Cesaroni, and Francesco Paolo Appio. "Enacting social crowdfunding business ecosystems: The case of the platform Meridonare." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 143 (2019): 190-201.
Regele, Matthew D., and Heidi M. Neck. "The entrepreneurship education subecosystem in the United States: Opportunities to increase entrepreneurial activity." Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship 23, no. 2 (2012): 25.
Rohrbeck, René, Katharina Hölzle, and Hans Georg Gemünden. "Opening up for competitive advantage–How Deutsche Telekom creates an open innovation ecosystem." R&d Management 39, no. 4 (2009): 420-430.
Rong, Ke, Guangyu Hu, Yong Lin, Yongjiang Shi, and Liang Guo. "Understanding business ecosystem using a 6C framework in Internet-of-Things-based sectors." International Journal of Production Economics 159 (2015): 41-55.
Schwenker, Burkhard, and Torsten Wulf. Scenario-based Strategic Planning: Developing Strategies in an Uncertain World. Springer, 2013.
Subramaniam, Mohan, Bala Iyer, and Venkat Venkatraman. "Competing in digital ecosystems." Business Horizons 62, no. 1 (2019): 83-94.
Tansley, Arthur G. "The use and abuse of vegetational concepts and terms." Ecology 16, no. 3 (1935): 284-307.
Vaismoradi, M., Turunen, H., & Bondas, T. (2013). "Content analysis  and thematic analysis: Implications for conducting a qualitative  descriptive study". Nursing & Health Sciences, 15, 398–405.
Van der Borgh, Michel, Myriam Cloodt, and A. Georges L. Romme. "Value creation by knowledge‐based ecosystems: evidence from a field study." R&D Management 42, no. 2 (2012): 150-169.
Walrave, Bob, Madis Talmar, Ksenia S. Podoynitsyna, A. Georges L. Romme, and Geert PJ Verbong. "A multi-level perspective on innovation ecosystems for path-breaking innovation." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 136 (2018): 103-113.
Wu, Jianlong, Zhongji Yang, Xiaobo Hu, Hongqi Wang, and Jing Huang. "Exploring driving forces of sustainable development of China’s new energy vehicle industry: An analysis from the perspective of an innovation ecosystem." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (2018): 4827.
Yin, Dao, Xinguo Ming, and Xianyu Zhang. "Sustainable and Smart Product Innovation Ecosystem: An integrative status review and future perspectives." Journal of Cleaner Production 274 (2020): 123005.