Defence Industries Training and Research InstituteJournal of Improvement Management2251-899111420180220Basic Capabilities of Defense Equipment and Weapons Acquisition SystemBasic Capabilities of Defense Equipment and Weapons Acquisition System1325977010.22034/jmi.2018.59770FAQasemFouladiPhD in Futures studies, Supreme National Defense University, Tehran, Iran.0009-0005-0878-6401HosseinDehghani PoudehAssociate Professor, Faculty of Management and Industrial Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.MohammadMahdinejad NouriAssociate Professor, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.AmirHatamiPhD Student of Management, Supreme National Defense University, Tehran, Iran.Journal ArticleThe most important expectaion from defense equipment and weapons acquisition system (DAS) is to fulfill current and future needs of Armed forces in a variable and complex environment effectively and timely. For this purpose, it is necessary that the DAS be able to perform some key activities and this requires some basic capabilities. The capalities enable the DAS to change and rearrange its routine processes and available resources according to environment changes. By interviewing 14 defense acquisition experts, this research tries to identify the capabilities. Through Theme analysis of interviews and Content analysis of 6 available formal defense documents, 12 capabilities were identified. Using the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) showed us 10 capabilities: intelligent management of information and knowledge; looking forward and environment changes perception; creation of common concepts and language; technological perception and management; leading of domestic and foreign capacities; development of robust policies and flexible strategies; innovation and creativeness; management of acquisition program; decision-making; and cooperation between actors located in influence area.The most important expectaion from defense equipment and weapons acquisition system (DAS) is to fulfill current and future needs of Armed forces in a variable and complex environment effectively and timely. For this purpose, it is necessary that the DAS be able to perform some key activities and this requires some basic capabilities. The capalities enable the DAS to change and rearrange its routine processes and available resources according to environment changes. By interviewing 14 defense acquisition experts, this research tries to identify the capabilities. Through Theme analysis of interviews and Content analysis of 6 available formal defense documents, 12 capabilities were identified. Using the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) showed us 10 capabilities: intelligent management of information and knowledge; looking forward and environment changes perception; creation of common concepts and language; technological perception and management; leading of domestic and foreign capacities; development of robust policies and flexible strategies; innovation and creativeness; management of acquisition program; decision-making; and cooperation between actors located in influence area.https://www.behboodmodiriat.ir/article_59770_f019eaa1748308a8402dc481ca7fd944.pdfDefence Industries Training and Research InstituteJournal of Improvement Management2251-899111420180220A Network Governance Model with Emphasis on Development of Open Innovation Processes at Security Research InstitutionsA Network Governance Model with Emphasis on Development of Open Innovation Processes at Security Research Institutions335659800FAMohammadmehdiGhuchani KhorasaniPhD in Public Policy, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.DavoodHosseinpourAssociate Professor, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.IbrahimMahmudzaehAssociate Professor, Faculty of Management and Industrial Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.Seyed MahdiAlvaniProfessor, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Qazvin Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.Seyed AbolhasanFiroozabadiPhD in Strategic Management, Supreme National Defense University, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20180319<span>Governments change their governance models based on social, political and economic situations. Rapid technological change, increasing innovation cost and drastic competition in new products and services have caused organizations to interact with external environment and stakeholders. Opening boundaries of organization, using open innovation paradigm for internal development and expansion of market to enjoy external innovations are the most significant consequences of this interaction. Cyber security technology is one the most changeable today's technologies, which is a momentous key in national security. Proposing a governance pattern in this case would help the government to deal with problems, such as dispersion and incoordination between organizations. This pattern suggests methods for using all capacities to produce native products. This paper is going to identify governance elements and open innovation development factors, by considering the environmental conditions in Iran, to achieve a network governance pattern for cyber security research organizations. These factors have been recognized by using Grounded theory. For this purpose, 16 semi-structured interviews have been done. Analyzing data in open-coded process by using MAXQDA 10 software has led to produce 16 subcategories in the form of 4 main categories. The model presented in this article is based on Emerging design approach and the results have been explained as theoretical propositions.</span><span>Governments change their governance models based on social, political and economic situations. Rapid technological change, increasing innovation cost and drastic competition in new products and services have caused organizations to interact with external environment and stakeholders. Opening boundaries of organization, using open innovation paradigm for internal development and expansion of market to enjoy external innovations are the most significant consequences of this interaction. Cyber security technology is one the most changeable today's technologies, which is a momentous key in national security. Proposing a governance pattern in this case would help the government to deal with problems, such as dispersion and incoordination between organizations. This pattern suggests methods for using all capacities to produce native products. This paper is going to identify governance elements and open innovation development factors, by considering the environmental conditions in Iran, to achieve a network governance pattern for cyber security research organizations. These factors have been recognized by using Grounded theory. For this purpose, 16 semi-structured interviews have been done. Analyzing data in open-coded process by using MAXQDA 10 software has led to produce 16 subcategories in the form of 4 main categories. The model presented in this article is based on Emerging design approach and the results have been explained as theoretical propositions.</span>https://www.behboodmodiriat.ir/article_59800_925b761609c537e06d74f2cdd0206490.pdfDefence Industries Training and Research InstituteJournal of Improvement Management2251-899111420180220Path of the Formation and Evolution of Technological Capabilities for Manufacturing Complex Product Systems in Latecomer Firms: The Case Study of TUGA CompanyPath of the Formation and Evolution of Technological Capabilities for Manufacturing Complex Product Systems in Latecomer Firms: The Case Study of TUGA Company579159802FAMostafaSafdariPhD in Technology Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran.HoseinRahmansereshtProfessor, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran.ManochehrManteghiProfessor, Faculty of Management and Industrial Engineering, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.Seyed SoroushGhazinooriAssistant Professor, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-6356-0257Journal Article20180319<span>During last decades a large amount of efforts have been made by developing countries to acquire essential knowledge and technological capabilities for manufacturing and developing complex products systems (CoPS). As an example, TUGA as an Iranian company have succeeded in acquiring essential technological capabilities for manufacturing and upgrading gas turbines as a complex product system. This paper aims at investigating the path of formation and evolution of technological capabilities of manufacturing gas turbines by this Iranian latecomer firm through applying qualitative approach and case study strategy during last 22 years. The findings illustrate that, the path of formation and evolution of technological capabilities in this company includes four stages: 1) purchasing and exploiting foreign purchased gas turbines; 2) localizing and transferring technologics of manufacturing gas turbines; 3) manufacturing gas turbines domestically with low variety; and 4) diversitying products portfolio and carrying out incremental improvement based on research and development. In addition, technology acquisition strategies, technology learning mechanisms, government policies and actions and volume of sale of company in each stage have been mentioned. Our findings can enhance understanding of managers and policy makers in this industry and other CoPS areas about dillerent stage of formation and evolution of technological capabilities and their considerations and requirements.</span><span>During last decades a large amount of efforts have been made by developing countries to acquire essential knowledge and technological capabilities for manufacturing and developing complex products systems (CoPS). As an example, TUGA as an Iranian company have succeeded in acquiring essential technological capabilities for manufacturing and upgrading gas turbines as a complex product system. This paper aims at investigating the path of formation and evolution of technological capabilities of manufacturing gas turbines by this Iranian latecomer firm through applying qualitative approach and case study strategy during last 22 years. The findings illustrate that, the path of formation and evolution of technological capabilities in this company includes four stages: 1) purchasing and exploiting foreign purchased gas turbines; 2) localizing and transferring technologics of manufacturing gas turbines; 3) manufacturing gas turbines domestically with low variety; and 4) diversitying products portfolio and carrying out incremental improvement based on research and development. In addition, technology acquisition strategies, technology learning mechanisms, government policies and actions and volume of sale of company in each stage have been mentioned. Our findings can enhance understanding of managers and policy makers in this industry and other CoPS areas about dillerent stage of formation and evolution of technological capabilities and their considerations and requirements.</span>https://www.behboodmodiriat.ir/article_59802_ee093e243f436cd6b2ef659819a144dd.pdfDefence Industries Training and Research InstituteJournal of Improvement Management2251-899111420180220Crude Oil Price Scenario Based on Identifying Key Factors and Analyzing the Actors' InteractionsCrude Oil Price Scenario Based on Identifying Key Factors and Analyzing the Actors' Interactions9313559804FAFarhadRahbarProfessor, Faculty of Economics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.AmiraliSaifoddin-e AslAssistant Professor, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.MohammadaliShahhoseiniAssistant Professor, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.0000-0003-4970-1468EesaNiaziPhD candidate of Futures Studies, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranJournal ArticleThe present paper seeks to provide possible scenarios for future oil prices up to the horizon of 1410 by identifying key global effective factors on a global scale. The data of this paper include 68 factors that are obtained by combining Elite interview and Delphi method. In two stages, the main factors are identified, refined or combined. Finally, 40 factors and main trends were identified and collected through questionnaires, their interactions, and analyzed using the microarray software. Finally, six factors are identified as key events and impacts that have the most impact on future crude oil prices. Finally, 24 possible states were defined for 6 factors. Due to the size of the matrix and its dimensions (24*24), the scenario planner, 3375 combined scenarios based on the data entered in the analysis questionnaire and 11 strong or probable scenarios, 29 scenarios with high adaptability (incredible scenarios) and 39 scenarios Poor (possible scenarios) reported. Which was finally descriptively named after the certification and validation by Chaosanario's experts with titles, the Blue Whale, the Ellenino Storm, the Al-Dawraudo Land, and the legendary Three Brothers.The present paper seeks to provide possible scenarios for future oil prices up to the horizon of 1410 by identifying key global effective factors on a global scale. The data of this paper include 68 factors that are obtained by combining Elite interview and Delphi method. In two stages, the main factors are identified, refined or combined. Finally, 40 factors and main trends were identified and collected through questionnaires, their interactions, and analyzed using the microarray software. Finally, six factors are identified as key events and impacts that have the most impact on future crude oil prices. Finally, 24 possible states were defined for 6 factors. Due to the size of the matrix and its dimensions (24*24), the scenario planner, 3375 combined scenarios based on the data entered in the analysis questionnaire and 11 strong or probable scenarios, 29 scenarios with high adaptability (incredible scenarios) and 39 scenarios Poor (possible scenarios) reported. Which was finally descriptively named after the certification and validation by Chaosanario's experts with titles, the Blue Whale, the Ellenino Storm, the Al-Dawraudo Land, and the legendary Three Brothers.https://www.behboodmodiriat.ir/article_59804_4777ea0d573c51027a097399006f228a.pdfDefence Industries Training and Research InstituteJournal of Improvement Management2251-899111420180220A Theoretical Model for New Product Development Performance in Open Innovation Environments Based on Program Management CapabilitiesA Theoretical Model for New Product Development Performance in Open Innovation Environments Based on Program Management Capabilities13715959805FAMehdiDelavariPhD in Construction and Project Management, Faculty of Art, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.Mohammad HosseinSobhiyahAssistat Professor, Faculty of Art, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article<span>In this article, we will present a theoretical model for recognising capabilities of program management and their effects on new product development in open innovation environments. Organisations which choose open innovation for development of their new products, need to develop new capabilities at project, program and organizational level for success in this environment. Developing such capabilities enables them to use external networks and technologies to improve their performance. Without such capabilities, there may be less success and weaker performance for the company. Using Grounded Theory, required capabilities at the levels of program and the organziation for development of new products are investigated. Four relatively successful programs are studied and through semistructured interviews and data analytics, these capabilities are recognised and are presented within a theoretical framework. We recognise the following capabilities: Integration and change management; breakdown, definition and delivery of work; knowledge and technology management; identifying appropriate corporate strategy and outsourcing; contracts and claims management; networks management; budgeting on time financing and communication management. These capabilities complement the general capabilities needed for new product development and should be strengthened in open innovation environments. Also, factors such as network management, organisation and appropriate architecture, flexibility of regulations and legal and business requirements, support for contractors, technology management, systems for retaining human resources, technological knowledge, and open organisational culture were recognised at the organisation level. Finally a theoretical model based on collected data and its analysis is presented.</span><span>In this article, we will present a theoretical model for recognising capabilities of program management and their effects on new product development in open innovation environments. Organisations which choose open innovation for development of their new products, need to develop new capabilities at project, program and organizational level for success in this environment. Developing such capabilities enables them to use external networks and technologies to improve their performance. Without such capabilities, there may be less success and weaker performance for the company. Using Grounded Theory, required capabilities at the levels of program and the organziation for development of new products are investigated. Four relatively successful programs are studied and through semistructured interviews and data analytics, these capabilities are recognised and are presented within a theoretical framework. We recognise the following capabilities: Integration and change management; breakdown, definition and delivery of work; knowledge and technology management; identifying appropriate corporate strategy and outsourcing; contracts and claims management; networks management; budgeting on time financing and communication management. These capabilities complement the general capabilities needed for new product development and should be strengthened in open innovation environments. Also, factors such as network management, organisation and appropriate architecture, flexibility of regulations and legal and business requirements, support for contractors, technology management, systems for retaining human resources, technological knowledge, and open organisational culture were recognised at the organisation level. Finally a theoretical model based on collected data and its analysis is presented.</span>https://www.behboodmodiriat.ir/article_59805_47e547b21be6410ca1ad254c14700bab.pdfDefence Industries Training and Research InstituteJournal of Improvement Management2251-899111420180220Explaining the Components Effective on the Structuring Value Chain of Creative Industries in IranExplaining the Components Effective on the Structuring Value Chain of Creative Industries in Iran16118859807FAMahdiMohammadiPhD candidate of Industrial Management, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran.MehrdadMadhoshiProfessor, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran.AbdolhamidSafaei GhadikolaeiAssociate Professor, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran.HasanaliAghajaniAssociate Professor, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran.Journal Article20180319Creative economy is clearly visible in European policy documents and policies, including European Union policies, United Nations' programs and strategies in other international organizations. The concept of creativity in the cultural industries, the creative economy, and particularly, the creative industries in Iran has so far attracted a few scholars and thinkers. However, looking at the effects of other countries' attitudes toward these concepts and their implications would lead to profound changes in the thinking and attitude of macroeconomic policymakers.
The purpose of this research is to look at the creative industries as well as to extract and explain the effective components in structuring the value chain of creative industries in Iran. Considering the special situation of the Islamic Republic of Iran in terms of culture and the need to pay attention to this issue in shaping the value chain of creative industries based on the Iranian's Islamic culture, components affeting structuring of value chain have been extracted by interviewing with experts and using of thematic analysis. Expert opinion analysis and interpretive structural modeling method was used to examine the effect of these components on each other. Finally, results are presented in the form of two interpretive structural models and fifteen components affecting value chain structuring of creative industries in two dimensions of main and supporting activities.Creative economy is clearly visible in European policy documents and policies, including European Union policies, United Nations' programs and strategies in other international organizations. The concept of creativity in the cultural industries, the creative economy, and particularly, the creative industries in Iran has so far attracted a few scholars and thinkers. However, looking at the effects of other countries' attitudes toward these concepts and their implications would lead to profound changes in the thinking and attitude of macroeconomic policymakers.
The purpose of this research is to look at the creative industries as well as to extract and explain the effective components in structuring the value chain of creative industries in Iran. Considering the special situation of the Islamic Republic of Iran in terms of culture and the need to pay attention to this issue in shaping the value chain of creative industries based on the Iranian's Islamic culture, components affeting structuring of value chain have been extracted by interviewing with experts and using of thematic analysis. Expert opinion analysis and interpretive structural modeling method was used to examine the effect of these components on each other. Finally, results are presented in the form of two interpretive structural models and fifteen components affecting value chain structuring of creative industries in two dimensions of main and supporting activities.https://www.behboodmodiriat.ir/article_59807_193bfb3f286a1bca4c11f34d0d630527.pdf